Kept Top Secret until its release in the Foreign Relations of the United States series, this 1961 memo weighs the psychological cost to Berliners if a high-stakes summit with Nikita Khrushchev failed.
By Vera Kessler ·
President Ngô Đình Diệm and his brother were executed in a CIA-backed coup, but the State Department spent a secret Senate hearing scrubbing the record of American fingerprints.
By Theo Marchetti ·
Soviet duplicity drove Dean Rusk to plan a gamble at the UN, threatening to conduct atmospheric nuclear tests out loud to force a treaty with strict inspection controls.
By Eleanor Voss ·
Dominican underground leaders operated at considerable risk while the U.S. blacked out financial aid and lost all military planning task force records.
By Harlan Pryce ·
American pilots faced lethal risks in Cuba when Secretary Dean Rusk warned the Soviets that attacking reconnaissance flights could provoke a return to the hostilities of October.
By Vera Kessler ·