Wang Bingnan Confirmed PRC Lacked Military Comms to Soviet Embassy
Communication gaps left Chinese diplomats dependent on middlemen while Premier Zhou Enlai operated from Nanning during the 1954 Geneva Conference.
By Roy Castellano ·
Geneva Conference
Pham Van Dong Pushed for 13th Parallel Against French 18th
Top-secret communications to Mao Zedong show how Soviet officials felt Pham Van Dong had "no mature ideas" for pushing French forces back to the 13th parallel in 1954.
By Vera Kessler ·
Molotov Blocks Free Elections to Protect Kim Il Sung
Korean voters were denied a democratic poll after Soviet leadership pushed the UN out of the 1954 Geneva Conference to protect Kim Il Sung's grip on power.
By Roy Castellano ·
Beijing Holds American Nationals as Leverage in Geneva Deadlock
American nationals served as currency in a high-stakes deadlock while internal Chinese deliberations remained opaque as Wang Bingnan sought orders for a private dinner in Geneva.
By Roy Castellano ·